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Matawan is a borough in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 8,810,〔〔〔 reflecting a decline of 100 (-1.1%) from the 8,910 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 360 (-3.9%) from the 9,270 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed July 30, 2012.〕 Matawan is part of the Bayshore Regional Strategic Plan, an effort by nine municipalities in northern Monmouth County to reinvigorate the area's economy by emphasizing the traditional downtowns, dense residential neighborhoods, maritime history, and the natural beauty of the Raritan Bayshore coastline. ==History== The Lenape Native Americans called the area "Mechananienk", a Lenape language word meaning "where two rivers come together", which gave rise to the area being called "Matovancons" by Dutch settlers, from which derives the name "Matawan".〔Chang, Kathy; and Kesten, Karen L. ("Birth of a town" ), ''The Hub'', January 7, 2010. Accessed July 30, 2012. "Matawan means where 'two rivers come together' in Lenape. Its Native American name was 'Mechananienk.' The Dutch settlers and Indian tribe name on a 1656 map was 'Matovancons.'"〕 which may derive from a Lenape word meaning "where two rivers come together".〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed July 20, 2015. "'Where two rivers come together' (Tr,Ru) or ''mechavwanienk'', 'ancient path' (B)"〕 It may also originate from the Southern Unami ''Matawonge'', "bad riverbank" or "bad hill", a possible reference to bluffs along Raritan Bay which were subject to erosion and collapse prior to the construction of a seawall in the 1970s. Another possible source is ''Matawan'', Northern Unami for "bad fog", which may have referred to fog generated on Raritan Bay.〔Grumet, Robert S. (''Manhattan to Minisink: American Indian Place Names in Greater New York and Vicinity'' ), p. 84. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK, 2013. ISBN 9780806189130. Accessed July 20, 2015.〕 Other possible meanings are "magician", "charmed skin" or "it arrives in a lake".〔Gannett, Henry. (''The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States'' ), p. 19. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed September 4, 2015.〕 The community was established by Dutch settlers in the 17th century (Matawan celebrated a tricentennial in the 1980s). Scotch-Irish settlers from New Hampshire later named the town New Aberdeen. Neighboring Matawan Township reused the historic name in the 1970s when it changed its name to Aberdeen Township. Matawan was formed as a borough on June 28, 1895, from portions of Matawan Township (now Aberdeen Township), based on the results of a referendum held that day. Matawan expanded with portions of Matawan Township in 1931 and 1933, and from Madison Township (now Old Bridge Township) in 1939.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 182. Accessed July 30, 2012.〕 Despite being from the Atlantic Ocean, Matawan was the site of three shark attacks on July 12, 1916, in Matawan Creek, causing two deaths.〔("The Shark Attacks That Were the Inspiration for Jaws; One rogue shark. Five victims. A mysterious threat. And the era of the killer great white was born" ), ''Smithsonian (magazine)'', August 7, 2012. Accessed October 17, 2013. "The rogue great white traveled 30 miles north of Spring Lake and into Matawan Creek. On July 12, Lester Stillwell, 11, was playing in the creek 16 miles inland when the shark attacked. A young man named Watson Stanley Fisher attempted to save the boy, but was fatally injured in the process."〕 They closely followed an attack in Beach Haven on July 1 and one in Spring Lake on July 6 that were all part of the Jersey Shore shark attacks of 1916. Matawan played an important role in aviation navigation history. In 1944, the first operational Visual Aural Range (VAR) was installed at Matawan. Designed in 1937 at the Bureau of Air Commerce's research center, this system operated in the VHF band around 63 mHz and was an incremental improvement over prior aviation navigation systems such as the four-course radio range.〔Nolan, M.S. (1999). ''Fundamentals of air traffic control''. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks Cole Publishing Company.〕 VAR was later redeveloped into VOR. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Matawan, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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